Research Papers

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Administrative Style And Staff Morale In Private Institutions In Malaysia
(Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 2010) Kakuba, Sultan Juma; Saidi, Mpawenimana Abdullah
Globally, administrative styles in institutions is concerned with the way and manners in which the authority works with subordinate staff for the purposes of achieving desired stated goals and objectives set by the institutions. However, Management, leadership/administration are often used synonymously according to Coleman despite the fact that they mean different things.1 He states that management has to do with finance, structure, staffing, mission and effectiveness. On the hand, he looks at leadership administration as taking an institution/organization where it is now to where it has to be in the future leadership/ administration is providing a direction that drives the institution in a specific direction.2 But Goldbach looks at administration as an art and science. He explains that leadership is an art because it is applied to real life with skills. And it is a science because it can be learned.3 According to Krietner, he looks at leadership as a process of social influence, which a leader seeks the voluntary participation of subordinate staff in an attempt to achieve the goals of an institution. It is the art to inspire others to willingly execute institutional activities. In this study administration is used interchangeably with management to mean the capacity to direct and coordinate human and material resources to attain specified objectives. Important to note is that it is administration of human resources that seem to be the major focus of administration. This is because it is persons that coordinates and manages resources for the purposes of the intended mission and goals of institution. In the light of this, administration and management analysts usually look on the problems of human resources administration.
An Analysis of the 2011 Parliamentary Election and its Implication on the Economy of Uganda
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2011) Kakuba, Sultan Juma
The National Resistance Movement (NRM) government transited to electoral democracy with promulgation of the 1995 constitution. This constitution provides for a periodic election after every five years. This has given a roadmap for political action to put Uganda on the road of democracy. This study makes an analysis of the 2011 parliamentary election, which attracted a total of 1659 parliamentary candidates both male and female. A content analysis was adopted in this study and the main source of data was the electoral commission results document records. Method of data analysis was based on descriptive statistics to interpret, discuss and analyse the parliamentary election outcome. The findings are that the ruling NRM party won most of the seats; there was decline in the number of seats won by opposition. And female still enjoy affirmative action seats with little inroads to directly elected seats, which are the domain of men among others. But opposition political parties attract little support and register poor performance in election. The conclusion is that given the huge number of seats obtained by NRM, the parliament is likely to turn into a rubber stamping body for the demands from the executive. Therefore, the recommendation is that in order for the citizens to be familiar with multi-polity politics, where electoral system is free and fair, there is need for government to invest in political education right from primary to university level to enhance active and equal participation in election through political parties of their choices.
Crisis in Somalia in the Context of Brecher’s Definition of International Crisis
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2010) Kakuba, Sultan Juma
The crisis in Somalia is one of the worst crises that have ever happened on both local and international scene. It is characterised by violence, which keeps on escalating between Transitional Federal Government and the Islamic Courts union. This situation has made Somalia a dangerous country to the extent that since 1991 it has been without a central government. This persistent crisis in Somalia has caused Somalia into intractable conflicts both locally and internationally. In the light of this, there has been international intervention and withdrawal of external actors due to complexity of the crisis. In this context this crisis has been perceived differently. This paper attempts to explain the Somali crisis in the context of Michael Brecher’s definition of international crisis. The focus is on the key drivers for the persistent breakdown of Somali society that have kept the crisis alive. The paper concludes that Somalia has been plunged into continuous spiralling violence resulting into persistent crisis and conflicts both internally and externally due to internal and external political dynamics of the country as portrayed in Brecher’s ideas on the landscapes of international crisis.
East African Community economic initiatives to reduce conflict among the members states
(2017) Kakuba, Sultan Juma; Saidi, Mpawenimana Abdullah
The study investigated the economic achievements registered by East African Community (EAC) to reduce intrastate conflict in the region to promote peacebuilding. Partner States of EAC with exception of Tanzania have witnessed intrastate conflicts. The partner states of East African Community such as Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi have suffered from conflicts for many years, which needs a regional approach to address it. The aim of this study was to examine the economic achievement initiatives of East African Community to reduce conflict. The study used document study analysis, group discussion and interview to collect data besides extensive literature review on the subject. The findings of the research reveal that EAC has made a number of achievements which have had direct or indirect significant contribution in reducing conflict in East Africa. These among others include establishment of common identity to reduce tension among the citizens in the region; establishment of custom union which provides details policies to harmonize economic policies. The study concludes with some recommendations that there is need to implement policies and programmes initiated by EAC if it is to have taste of time.
Elections and Legitimacy in Authoritarian Regimes
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2015) Kakuba, Sultan Juma
Holding periodic democratic elections is one of the principal ingredients of liberal democracy. This practice has also been adopted by authoritarian regimes not for purposes of promoting democracy but to gather legitimacy support to stay in power as well as seeking acceptance in the eyes of both domestic and international communities. Based on dataset of elections in Muslim dominated countries, particularly Egypt and Sudan, respectively, the paper suggests that elections are a sufficient mechanism to mobilise support to keep authoritarian regimes in power. These Muslim countries have had periodic elections but little has been extended to other fundamental tenets of democracy such as freedom of speech, respect of human rights and freedom of press among others. Instead, leaders have used these elections as a license to market their position to hold onto power rather than allowing it to be a competitive game to cause change as people may wish. This study attempts a comparison between authoritarian elections in Sudan (1989-2011) and Egypt (1981-2011). The arguments and analysis given in this paper are based on presidential election dataset country profile of these two Muslim countries obtained from African elections database.
Foreign Powers’ Ambitions for Africa’s Rich Resources and its Linkage with Conflict in Africa
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2016) Kakuba, Sultan Juma
Africa is a vast home of natural resources which defines its attractiveness to foreign powers. This has brought about foreign powers rush to Africa because the continent has huge resources which are either under-exploited or unexploited that can address dramatic challenges that have occurred in the global economy.This paper explores foreign powers ambition for Africa’s rich resources and its interrelation with conflict in Africa. It brings out arguments why foreign powers have uncontrollable interest in Africa’s resources and how this desire for Africa’s resources create conditions that generate terrorism, sectarianism and extremism in Africa.Thorough extensive review of document of records on Africa’s relations with foreign powers reveals that foreign powers’ desire for Africa’s resources resides in economic strategic interest, security and political power challenges they face. Critical analysis of the arguments raised in this paper however, reveals that there is interrelationship between foreign powers’ desire for Africa’s rich resources and conflict. The data obtained reveals that proceeds from Africa’s resources are used to support terrorist, sectarian and extremist activities.
Multiparty politics dynamics in Uganda
(African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 2010) Kakuba, Sultan Juma
In liberal democracy, it is obvious political parties play a critical role in deepening democratic process. Besides, providing veritable avenue for popular participation, they are celebrated mechanism for political mobilization, guiding policy formulation, implementation and much more significant guards against dictatorship. In Uganda, there is evidence that political parties have not been adequately institutionalized. This can be seen in a manner in which they have process in the country. The efforts of political parties to woo supporters in the hope of making a mark at various levels of government, overheats the polity. This been attempting to foster democratic governance in the past and how their current revival to practice multiparty politics fails to strengthen democratic paper advances the position of political parties in furthering democracy in Uganda. It suggests that the current activities of political parties are ill equipped in broadening democratic dividends.
Voting behaviour in Uganda since 1996
(African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 2011) Kakuba, Sultan Juma
Exploring factors likely to influence 2011 poll in Uganda is the main objective of this paper. The data for this study was obtained through a content analysis of election results (1996, 2001 and 2006) and interview, which was carried out in the period between July to October, 2010 across the different regions in the country, North, South, West, East and Central to ascertain the factors that are likely to drive the 2011 poll. Although Uganda’s ruling party, the National Resistance Movement (NRM) under the leadership of Museven has been winning successive democratic elections since it transited into democratic rule in 1996; its support has been gradually and steadily declining. The study findings based on elections 1996, 2001 and 2006; and a random survey data from respondents across the different regions in the country through interviews, show that voters reward the incumbent president for fulfilling their demands. The study findings further reveal that factors such as discovery of oil and creation of new districts, infrastructural development among others will be central in influencing the choice of the electorates across these regions. The paper concludes on a point of how NRM the ruling party is likely to perform.
Women in the Parliament of Uganda (2001-2011)
(International Journal of Advanced Legal Studies and Governance, 2015) Kakuba, Sultan Juma
This study reviews Women in the Parliament of Uganda (2001-2011). The aim is to ascertain Issues and Legislations to Improve the Status of Women in Uganda. It is observed that despite the fact that women play significant role not only at the family level but also at the national level, their effort is marginally recognised. The views express are consistent with USAID Report on “Commercial Legal and Institutional Reform in Uganda’s Agriculture”, where it was pointed out that 70 per cent of all small-holder farmers are women and they are responsible for 70 per cent agricultural GDP. The review of parliamentary debate proceedings sampled for the study showed that discussion of women on the review of the 1997 National Gender Policy and Framework received a lot of input from women MPs. It is stressed further that women produce 90 per cent of Uganda’s total food output and 50 per cent of total cash crop production. But the government, particularly the Ministry of Agriculture, lacks a supportive organisational structure to encourage women for increased productivity. Finally, the study findings show that the presence of women in the Parliament had enabled them to substantially articulate women’s issues. This proposes that increased women’s presence in the Parliament has been of significant importance in facilitating feminized legislation in collaboration with their male counterparts. Keywords: Women in the Parliament, Uganda, Status of Women, Legislations

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