Administrative Style And Staff Morale In Private Institutions In Malaysia

Abstract

Globally, administrative styles in institutions is concerned with the way and manners in which the authority works with subordinate staff for the purposes of achieving desired stated goals and objectives set by the institutions. However, Management, leadership/administration are often used synonymously according to Coleman despite the fact that they mean different things.1 He states that management has to do with finance, structure, staffing, mission and effectiveness. On the hand, he looks at leadership administration as taking an institution/organization where it is now to where it has to be in the future leadership/ administration is providing a direction that drives the institution in a specific direction.2 But Goldbach looks at administration as an art and science. He explains that leadership is an art because it is applied to real life with skills. And it is a science because it can be learned.3 According to Krietner, he looks at leadership as a process of social influence, which a leader seeks the voluntary participation of subordinate staff in an attempt to achieve the goals of an institution. It is the art to inspire others to willingly execute institutional activities. In this study administration is used interchangeably with management to mean the capacity to direct and coordinate human and material resources to attain specified objectives. Important to note is that it is administration of human resources that seem to be the major focus of administration. This is because it is persons that coordinates and manages resources for the purposes of the intended mission and goals of institution. In the light of this, administration and management analysts usually look on the problems of human resources administration.