Uchanganuzi wa jinsi ngano Zinavyopitisha elimu ya kazi kwa vijana; mfano wa jamii ya Wanyankole nchini Uganda.

Abstract

IKISIRI Utafiti huu unahusu ngano za Wanyankole wanaoishi magharibi mwa Uganda. Ngano za Wanyankole zina kazi mhimu sana kwa vile hufunza vijana kuhusu kazi. Kazi hizo hupitishwa kwa vijana wa Kinyankole kupitia ngano. Licha ya umuhimu huo, hakuna utafiti uliofanywa ili kubainisha mafunzo haya na jinsi elimu ya kazi inavyopitishwa kwa vijana kupitia ngano. Utafiti huu umefanywa ili kuziba mwanya huu na kuonyesha jinsi elimu ya kazi hizo inavyopitishwa kwa vijana wa Kinyankole. Lengo la jumla la utafiti huu ni kuchanganua jinsi ngano zinavyopitisha ujuzi wa kazi kwa vijana wa Kinyankole. Malengo mahususi ni; Kutambulisha kazi mbalimbali zinazojitokeza katika ngano za Wanyankole. Kubainisha jinsi ngano zinavyopitisha ujuzi wa kazi hizo kwa vijana wa Kinyankole. Utafiti huu uliongozwa na nadharia ya uamilifu ambayo huhusu utendakazi/umuhimu wa tanzu mbalimbali za fasihi. Hili liliongoza mtafiti kuchanganua umuhimu wa ngano katika kupitisha ujuzi wa kazi mbalimbali kwa vijana. Utafiti huu ulifanyika wilayani Ibanda; katika maeneo ya Nyabuhikye na Igorora. Ngano 20 zilikusanywa kwa kutumia uteuzi maksudi, zilitafsiriwa na kuchanganuliwa kithamano kutambua jinsi ngano za Wanyankole hupitisha ujuzi wa kazi mbalimbali kwa vijana. Ngano zilikusanywa kutoka vitabu mbalimbali mkiwemo Karwemera (1978) na kutoka kwingine. Matokeo ya utafiti huu yalisaidia kugundua na kufafanua ujuzi na taarifa mpya kuhusu ngano za Wanyankole na jinsi zinavyopitisha elimu ya kutenda kazi mbalimbali kwa vijana. Ngano hizi zilichanganuliwa kwa ajili ya kuonyesha kazi mbalimbali na jinsi ujuzi wa kutenda kazi hizo unavyopitishwa kwa vijana kupitia ngano. Wanyankole huhakikisha kuwa wanasimulia vijana na watoto ngano. Hili linaonyesha kwamba wanajua kuwa kuna mengi wanayofundisha vijana kupitia ngano. Miongoni mwa yanayofundishwa kwa vijana kupitia hizo ngano mna ujuzi wa kazi. Utafiti huu uligundua kuwa fanani anaposimulia ngano, afikapo mahali ambapo mhusika anatenda kazi fulani, yeye huchukua muda kuelezea jinsi anavyofanya kazi hiyo. Msikilizaji ambaye huwa ni kijana mara nyingi, anajifunza jinsi kazi hiyo inavyotendwa kwa kuona mhusika anavyoifanya kwenye ngano. Utafiti huu umegundua kwamba kazi ambazo zinajitokeza zaidi katika ngano za Kinyankole ndizo zinazofanywa zaidi katika jamii ya Wanyankole. Hili ni thibitisho kuwa vijana hufunzwa sana utendaji kazi hizo kupitia ngano na badaye huzifanya kazi hizo. Utafiti huu utawafaidi wanafunzi wa fasihi na watafiti wa badaye wanaodhamilia kutafiti na kusoma fasihi hasa fasihi simulizi. ABSTRACT. This research was focused on the folktales of the Banyankole who live in Western Uganda. Folk tales are important in the Banyankole culture since they pass on working skills to the youths. Insipite of this importance, no study has been carried out about this. This study has come to fill this gap. The aim of this study is to find out how working skills are passed on to the youths through folk tales and the objectives of the study are; to identify the working skills in the folk tales and explain how the working skills are passed on to the youths through folk tales. This study was guided by the functionalism theory which talks about the functionality of different genres of literature. This guided the study in analyzing the importance of the folktales in passing on the different job skills to the youth. The study focused especially on Ibanda District, in the areas of Nyabuhikye and Igorora. 20 folktales were collected, translated, and analyzed qualitatively to understand how the folktales of the Banyankole pass on the different working skills to the youth. The folktales were gathered from different books including Karwemera (1978) and other sources. These folktales were analyzed according to the different work skills portrayed in folktales and how they are taught to the youth through the folktales. The Banyankole make it a point to narrate the folktales to the youths and children in Ankole. This means there is alot the Banyankole know they are passing on to the children through these tales. This study found out that working skills are passed on to the youth through folktales. It was dicoverd that when the folktale is being narrated, emphasis is put on how someone in the tale did apaticular work hence the listener learns how to do the work by looking at how it was done in the story. This study discovered that the works that appear most in the folk tales are also the most done in the society. This is because the youths learn how to do them from the folk tales and hence start doing so in society. The findings of this study helped in revealing and elaborating more knowledge/information about the folktales of the Banyankole and the way the folktales pass on the job performance skills to the youth. The study will also benefit literature students and researchers who intend to study oral literature.