Browsing by Author "Nafiu, Lukman Abiodun"

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Application of Markov chain Modelto foreign debt management in Nigerian economy
(2016) Ngaloru, Stellamaris Ngozi; Abdulazeez, Halimat; Ebuk, Love E.; Adiukwu, Roseline N; Nafiu, Lukman Abiodun
ARTICLE ABSTRACT Since the last century, there have been marked changes in the approach to scientific enquiries and greater realisation that probability (or non-deterministic) models are more realistic than deterministic models in many situations. Observations taken at different time points rather than those taken at a fixed period of time began to engage the attention of probabilists. Many stochastic processes occurring in social sciences are studied now not only as a random phenomenon but also as one changing with time or space called Markov chain. This study considered an application of Markov chain model to predict future debt pattern as effective management of any nation’s debt is crucial to growth and development of the economy of that nation. We collected data on debts maintained by all the thirty-six states governments and Federal Capital Territory, Abuja in Nigeria for a period of six years and determined future debt trend based on the transition probabilities between various groups of transition states. Three noticeable transition states namely; rising, stable and dropping of debt trend were used. The findings revealed that 55% of states governments will have a rise in their debt profile, 6% will have a stable debt profile while 39% will have a drop in their debt profile. Therefore, it was recommended that the federal government should design appropriate financing strategies that guarantee a debt path matching loan with the ability to repay and put up a policy as a preventive action to reduce, in the medium term, the possibility of debt unsustainability by the various states governments in Nigeria.
Comparing effects of traditional and multimedia teaching of vital signs assessment on knowledge acquisition of nursing students at Islamic University in Uganda.
(Akamai University, 2017) Inuwa, A.; Nafiu, Lukman Abiodun; Habu, H; Matovu, Musa; Maigari, B
This study aims at comparing effect of traditional and multimedia teaching of vital signs assessment on knowledge acquisition of nursing students at IUIU. Quasi-experimental design was used for the study and a sample of 62 students were randomly selected. Knowledge acquisition levels of both the groups were compared using paired t - test and independent t- test. The study findings revealed a statistically significant difference on knowledge, t (30) = 4.42, p < 0.05 (two tailed) acquisition after the multimedia intervention. Knowledge acquisition scores significantly improve after the traditional intervention and there was a statistically significant difference in knowledge, t (30) = 7.99, P<.05 (two tailed). There was no statistically significant difference between post-test knowledge scores of students in multimedia and traditional groups t (60) = .061, P >.05). The mean post-test knowledge of traditional (M = 19.79, SD = 1.93) was slightly higher than multimedia (M = 19.76, SD 2.21). Therefore, it was recommended that multimedia method should be enhanced and used in combination with traditional method when teaching complex procedures. The management of IUIU should provide more multimedia delivery tools such as television and videos in the skills laboratory to ensure delivery by tutors and learning by students at their extra time.
Comparing Effects of Traditional and Multimedia Teaching of Vital Signs Assessment on Knowledge Acquisition of Nursing Students at Islamic University in Uganda.
(The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology., 2017) Inuwa, A; Nafiu, Lukman Abiodun; Habu, H; Matovu, Musa; Maigari, B
This study aims at comparing effect of traditional and multimedia teaching of vital signs assessment on knowledge acquisition of nursing students at IUIU. Quasi-experimental design was used for the study and a sample of 62 students were randomly selected. Knowledge acquisition levels of both the groups were compared using paired t - test and independent t- test. The study findings revealed a statistically significant difference on knowledge, t (30) = 4.42, p < 0.05 (two tailed) acquisition after the multimedia intervention. Knowledge acquisition scores significantly improve after the traditional intervention and there was a statistically significant difference in knowledge, t (30) = 7.99, P<.05 (two tailed). There was no statistically significant difference between post-test knowledge scores of students in multimedia and traditional groups t (60) = .061, P >.05). The mean post-test knowledge of traditional (M = 19.79, SD = 1.93) was slightly higher than multimedia (M = 19.76, SD 2.21). Therefore, it was recommended that multimedia method should be enhanced and used in combination with traditional method when teaching complex procedures. The management of IUIU should provide more multimedia delivery tools such as television and videos in the skills laboratory to ensure delivery by tutors and learning by students at their extra time.
Discrimination of people living with HIV/AIDS by health care students of Islamic University in Uganda
(Akamai University, 2017) Inuwa, A; Nafiu, Lukman Abiodun; Habu, H; Maigari, B; Haruna, A; Gagare, A.A; Aisha, M.K; Namutebi, Sarah
In May 2016, the World Health Assembly developed the Global Health Sector Strategy on HIV for 2016–2021 which strives to ensure zero HIV related discrimination especially in health institutions and settings. The main objective of this study is to determine the influence of HIV/AIDS fear, knowledge and attitude on discrimination of PLWHA by health care students. A cross sectional design was used for the study while stratified sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) while bivariate (chi square) was used to make inference regarding the entire population. Results indicate that a majority, 133 (67.2%) of the respondents, were found to have low levels of discrimination. Over half of the respondents, 114 (57.6%), entertained high fear on HIV/AIDS issues. Almost all the respondents, 189 (95.5%), had high knowledge of HIV/AIDS. On HIV/AIDS related attitude majority of the respondents, 115 (58.1%), had positive attitudes. Fear and knowledge do not influence discrimination of PLWHA, while attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients influences discrimination of PLWHA. The findings on the level of discrimination of PLWHA by health care students calls for concerted efforts by the management of IUIU, tutors in School of Nursing and relevant HIV/AIDS agencies and donors to harmonize strategies and actions towards addressing discrimination of PLWHA in order to achieve global and national aspirations of zero discrimination. There is need for tutors in School of Nursing to ensure appropriate delivery of HIV/AIDS instruction targeting behavioral (negative attitude) aspects of HIV/AIDS discrimination in order to ensure its reduction and possible termination.
Evaluation of procurement process in universal basic education board in Nigeria
(2015) Ngaloru, Stellamaris Ngozi; Onwunali, Magnus Chibueze; Ebuk, Love Effiong; Adiukwu, Roseline Nwawure; Shazali, Is’haq; Nafiu, Lukman Abiodun
ARTICLE: Before the year 2007, Nigerian government has been managing unprofitable contractual situations, most of which lacked the needed value for money. Some of which also were negative due to the very little monitoring habit that coursed general project abandonment for which in a general view those projects had suffered a great setback in terms of quality and sustainability. Furthermore, the government had made series of efforts trying to subdue these impending problems during which ample consultations were made; many programmes were designed in the bid to stop the menace. However, it was in the course of this that in the year 2007 the government came up with an agency that was shouldered with responsibility of checkmating these issues to appropriately monitor the quality of jobs being done and making sure that such works were actually captured in the year’s budget and therefore executing them accordingly. The government witnessed a tremendous achievement with this effort and thereby felt the need to improve on it and then transformed it into a well-organized outfit with autonomous control over all MDAs in the case of contract execution. This giant step has helped the Universal Basic Education Board to also have the long needed control over their numerous contracts across the country. It brought a great sanity into their ways of engagement concerning every contract process putting in mind the now introduced procurement law. The Universal Basic Education Board has therefore adopted all necessary medium in their ways of conducting all contract proceedings adhering with the procurement law put in place. The daring need therefore to completely abolish all past errors brought the need to adopt and practice the present procurement processes. Therefore, the extent of achievements of these processes needed to be abreast which in turn brought the need for the procurement process of the Universal Basic Education Board. It is very important that all parties must be satisfied with the quality of the project as well as timely payment by the client if satisfied for the overall performance. It is recommended that the pre-qualification process should be supported by laws which will guide against the people that might try to hijack the process. The whole process should be overhaul to avoid those who will try to use power in trying force professionals or official assign in carrying out the pre-qualification task.